In the first case, a couple of fine upstanding South Floridians were arrested on the turnpike with 23 MAC-11s, 18 AR-15 a.s.sault rifles, five machine guns and a.s.sorted other party favors, recently purchased from a Palm Beach County arms dealer.
The government says the weapons were on their way to Colombia to be used in an elaborate plot to snuff the elusive Mr. Escobar, a leader of the Medellin cocaine cartel. The killing was allegedly ordered by the rival Cali cartel, with whom Escobar has had long-running business disputes.
In announcing the weapons seizure, Customs officials conceded that a larger public service might have been achieved had the a.s.sa.s.sins been allowed to carry out their mission. However, there are still a few gun laws left in this country, and Customs felt morally compelled to enforce a couple.
In the meantime, U.S. Attorney Dexter Lehtinen (who had called his own press conference to announce the capture of another alleged cocaine gangster) went out of his way to chastise Customs for "leaking" the details of the Escobar escapade. This snippy exchange typifies the sort of selfless commitment and close interagency cooperation that has helped make the drug war the raging success that it is.
The joke of the week, though, belongs to those geniuses at the National Security Council who are now mapping plans to sneak into South America and murder suspected drug leaders. This ought to be a riot.
The idea is that by knocking off a couple of Escobars and Ochoas, we throw the cartels into chaos and disrupt the flow of cocaine. Absolute nonsense-but exactly the sort of James Bond theatrics that would appeal to desperate bureaucrats who don"t know any better.
Certainly the cartels are led by evil, violent men, and certainly they have inflicted unfathomable misery on this country, as well as their own. But killing them will achieve nothing except to bring vicious retaliation against U.S. drug agents, diplomats and civilians in Colombia, Peru and Bolivia.
A man such as Escobar already lives in constant fear of being murdered by his own colleagues. He is protected by armed bodyguards, as well as by crooked cops and soldiers. a.s.suming a U.S.-backed hit squad could even get to him, it would almost inevitably cost American lives.
And for what? Within days of Escobar"s death, there would be a new face at the top of cocaine"s corporate ladder. The crops would still grow, the labs would still cook, the planes would still fly.
Look at the infamous Carlos Lender. He was captured, extradited to America, tried, convicted, locked up forever-all without causing even the slightest dip in the supply of cocaine. Shooting him wouldn"t have been any more effective. To the cartel, he was totally disposable.
Beyond the practical problems of a U.S. drug a.s.sa.s.sination are the diplomatic ones. In Bogota, sovereignty remains a pa.s.sionate cause among lawmakers-if the overnight extradition of Lender caused an uproar, imagine the reaction to the arrival of American killer commandos. Indeed, how would we react if the Colombian president sent undercover a.s.sa.s.sins to Florida?
William Bennett, the new drug czar, favors U.S. military strikes against foreign "narcoterrorists." If he thinks a hit squad in Medellin is going to solve the crack problem in Washington, he is sadly, pathetically deluded.
To put it in perspective: If Lee Iacocca dropped dead tomorrow, the Chryslers would keep on rolling off the a.s.sembly lines. The same holds true for Pablo Escobar and the busy cocaine factories of South America.
Bush fails to pay price of drug war September 5, 1989 The good news is, we"ve finally got a president who seems to comprehend that cocaine poses a greater threat to this country than communism ever will.
The bad news is, we still don"t have a president willing to pay for a real war on drugs.
Most of the $8 billion pledged by George Bush this week was already in the new budget. He asked for about $716 million in additional funds-peanuts, really, if you"re seriously talking war.
Amazingly, Bush"s budget director, Richard Barman, has suggested most of the new money should come out of social programs: aid to immigrants, grants for juvenile justice programs and subsidies for federal housing projects.
Brilliant thinking, d.i.c.k. Of all the places to scrounge for drug-fighting money, pilfer it from those most brutalized by crack: the young, the poor and minorities.
It"s not like we don"t have the funds for an all-out drug war; the money is there, and in sums greater than you can scarcely imagine. Billions and billions of dollars-$290 billion, as a matter of fact. Easy to find, too, right across the Potomac from the Capitol. Huge building called the Pentagon.
They"ve got one little program over there called the Strategic Defense Initiative, otherwise known as Star Wars-s.p.a.ce lasers that are supposed to shield us from a nuclear attack. Lots of top-notch scientists don"t think SDI can ever be made to work; others say it will be obsolete by the time it"s ready to be implemented, well into the next century.
President Bush wants to spend $4.6 billion on Star Wars in the coming year, an increase of $600 million over the 1988 budget. What would happen if we put this program on hold for 12 months and used that money for the drug war?
Any way you cut it, $4.6 billion represents a substantial commitment. Think of all the prosecutors you could hire, all the prison cells you could build, all the rehab counselors you could train, all the children you could reach through new educational programs.
For the sake of argument, let"s say Bush wants to leave Star Wars alone. Let"s say a 12-month hiatus would disrupt research and development. Then let"s look at another system that"s supposedly finished, researched to perfection: the B-2 Stealth bomber.
Despite serious doubts by military experts as to whether this aircraft will be able to fool Soviet radar, the Pentagon wants to build 132 of them at a total price tag of about $70 billion. Each new plane supposedly will cost about $550 million.
Although defense contractors are notorious for underestimating, let"s give them the benefit of the doubt. What if you took the money from just 10 new Stealths (say two a year, over the next five years) and applied it to the federal anti-drug budget? That"s more than $ i billion a year that we aren"t using now.
Given the choice, most Americans would want their tax dollars fighting crime on the streets, not floating around in outer s.p.a.ce. There"s no clear and present danger to compare with having a crack house on your block.
Money alone isn"t going to end the cocaine wars, and many reasonable critics wonder if we haven"t already squandered too many billions on a law enforcement strategy that has failed dismally. Yet there are signs that increased funding does make a difference, especially in the cla.s.sroom. To claim that we simply don"t have the money is nonsense; worse than that, it"s hypocritical.
The money is there, if Congress and the president can find the courage to use it.
George Bush is smart enough to know that the political stakes have changed since Reagan, Carter and Nixon declared their wars on drugs. Today the streets are so frightening and cocaine crime is so prevalent that American voters are ready to blame somebody if things don"t improve-and that somebody is likely to be the president.
Four years isn"t enough time to stamp out crack, but it"s enough to learn if George Bush means business. Judging by this week"s announcement, war is heck.
BSO strikes again in battle of the bulge December 17, 1990 Another true chronicle in America"s War on Drugs: An appeals court has rebuked the Broward Sheriffs Office for permitting female undercover officers to randomly search the crotches of airport travelers.
And you thought the Hare Krishnas were annoying.
For years now, eagle-eyed BSO deputies have been scouting for suspicious trouser bulges on the theory that drug smugglers often hide the booty between their legs. When a likely lump is located, the suspect is pulled aside and an official grope is conducted.
That"s what happened to one Anthony Lewis Tognaci in 1987 while he waited for a USAir flight at Fort Lauderdale-Hollywood International Airport. Unknown to Tognaci, the dimensions of his groin had caught the eye of BSO Lt.Vicki Cutcliffe.
According to court records, Cutcliffe approached Tognaci after noticing an unusual prominence in his pants. Tognaci consented to a search, and while patting him down Cutcliffe felt something "crinkly" located "a little bit higher than where his male organs would be, normally"
The possibilities seemed limited.
The young man was taken away and strip-searched. Police found 112 grams of cocaine, and charged Tognaci with drug trafficking. He pleaded no contest and was sentenced to 3 "/> years.
He appealed the case, arguing that Lt. Cutcliffe"s search "exceeded its scope." In a ruling handed down last week, the Fourth District Court of Appeal upheld Tognaci"s conviction, saying "it is not clear from the evidence that the officer actually touched appellant"s genitals."
However, the court expressed serious concerns about the BSO"s crotch patrol, because travelers who consent to being searched aren"t informed that it will focus on "this most private area of the body."
The judges also questioned the value of such methods in drug enforcement. They cited Lt. Cutcliffe"s testimony that she had searched "hundreds of men"s crotches without discovering any contraband."
Said the court: "We emphasize that these encounters are random, not generated by any articulable suspicion of wrongdoing, not by a drug courier profile, nor by a fear of the officer"s safety."
Rather, the searches are motivated only by the contour of a suspect"s pants. Sternly the judges added: "And at least based upon the hundreds of searches which not do not produce any drugs, we conclude from the testimony that the genital search is not a very effective investigative tool [the court"s word, not mine]..."
For her part, Lt. Cutcliffe doesn"t seem to mind below-the-belt surveillance. She said it"s easier for her to do it because most male deputies are reluctant to search a male suspect so intimately.
Nonsmugglers seldom complain-flattered, perhaps, that the natural topography of their trousers made someone think they were carrying something extra.
Still, problems extend beyond the appellate court"s Fourth Amendment concerns. Now that the BSO strategy has been publicized, lots of very lonely guys are probably heading for the Fort Lauderdale airport in the hopes of being frisked, and frisked slowly, by Lt. Cutcliffe.
Then there"s the more delicate public-relations challenge. Some tourists who come to South Florida might not wish to be groped as they disembark. Should we warn them to wear baggy pants? To avoid crinkly underwear? To carry their cellular phones in a back pocket?
It"s an unusual welcome, that"s for sure. When you get off the plane in Hawaii, you get a lei around your neck. Here in Florida you get a hand on your zipper.
In spite of the court"s warning, Sheriff Nick Navarro has announced no plans to terminate the crotch patrol. So if you"re pa.s.sing through the airport, don"t be shocked if a female cop stops you and whispers: "Is that a kilo in your pants, or are you just glad to see me?"
Tourist Season
Only a fool fails to follow these rules September 19, 1986 Florida"s new tourism jingle is catching some flak, and this is too bad. The $4 million slogan, unveiled this week, is: "FLORIDA-The Rules Are Different Here."
This is the first honest tourist slogan we"ve had in a long time, and it"s a shame that a few naysayers are picking on it. The rap against the new jingle is that people in the country"s heartland might misconstrue the part about how "the rules are different here."
What"s to misconstrue? Accept the phrase exactly for what it says and you have a public service announcement; a friendly warning, if you will. We should be delighted that our tourism promoters finally are taking a responsible approach.
Fort Lauderdale Police Chief Ron Cochran says the new tourist pitch is "about the dumbest thing I ever heard." He says it promotes an image of rampant lawlessness. I say it merely informs.
By way of counterattack, Beber, Silverstein, the agency that developed the Rules campaign, hired a big research company to go out and interview 11 New Yorkers to see if they were scared off by the jingle. Why it required a big research company to find 11 talkative New Yorkers I"m not sure. Naturally the New Yorkers said no, the slogan didn"t scare them away from Florida. These people had all taken the subway to Yankee Stadium and obviously were not scared by anything.
The problem with the new go-Florida campaign is not the slogan, but some of the rules they dreamed up to go along with it. For instance: "You must remove your wingtips before going swimming."
Or: "You must get suntanned in a place you"ve never been tan before." Or: "You are required to watch at least one sunrise."
These rules are sort of cute-maybe not 4 million bucks worth of cute, but medium cute. Collectively, however, they hardly present the exotic, Vice-ish image of Florida that Yuppie travelers all over America are hungering for.
What potential tourists really need is some useful advice, because the rules down here are definitely different.
RULE NO. 1: You must remove your Beretta shoulder holster before going swimming.
RULE NO. 2: You must get wounded in a place you"ve never been wounded before.
RULE NO. 3: At spring break you must never stand for too long beneath a hotel full of drunken college kids.
RULE NO. 4: You must never stop on Interstate 95 to ask directions from a teenager holding a cinderblock.
RULE NO. 5: You are required to watch at least one sunrise, because that"s what time the 10 P.M. Metrobus finally shows up.
RULE NO. 6: You must never light a cigar with 12 drums of pure ether in the back of your car.
RULE NO. 7: You must never wear your beeper into the sauna.
RULE NO. 8: You are required to take home at least a dozen giant Bufo toads as souvenir doorstops.
RULE NO. 9: You must stand in line for three hours outside Joe"s Stone Crab, only to be mistakenly rounded up in a Border Patrol sweep of South Beach.
RULE NO. 10: You must never wear a tie to your arraignment.
RULE NO. 11: You must never, ever use your turn signal while changing lanes.
RULE NO. 12: You must never open your front door to a gang of armed men wearing police badges, black Ray bans and rubber Ed Meese masks. You must never believe them if they tell you all Florida cops drive unmarked Maseratis.
RULE NO. 13: You must never carry correct change when going through a busy tollbooth, and always spend as much time as possible chatting with the cashier about which way Sea World is.
RULE NO. 14: At the first sight of an actual Florida alligator you must pull off the road and feed it enormous bags of Toll House cookies until it grows so tame that it eats your dachshund.
RULE NO. 15: You must not be alarmed to discover that two entire floors of your hotel have been rented out to the federal Witness Protection Program.
Auto trunks are no place to park bodies January 21, 1987 Bust our b.u.t.tons! This week"s crime news brings another unique distinction to Dade County: The Car-Trunk Murder Capital of the United States.
Last year local automobile trunks yielded a record number of homicide victims (12), a statistic provoking comment from no less an authority than Dr. Joseph Davis, the unflappable chief medical examiner.
"Years ago," he reflected, "if you found somebody dead in a trunk, it was unusual. There was a great deal of interest. Now it"s a ho-hum thing."
Your basic car-trunk case goes like this: Some poor soul is out walking his poodle or pulling into the shopping mall when he notices a Foul Odor emanating from another car.
Next the police are summoned, the trunk of the offending vehicle (usually a late-model, luxury sedan) is pried open and therein discovered one or more extremely dead persons who, more likely than not, have had a pa.s.sing attachment to the narcotics trade.
A seamy spectacle, to be sure. "Not a pleasant scene to go to," says Metro-Dade detective Al Singleton.
"It"s a bother," Dr. Davis agrees. "Another thing that"s annoying...now you find a car parked at the airport-stinks to high heaven-and for some reason you have to wait six hours while they go find a judge to get a court order to open the thing up! Everybody knows there"s a body inside."
Twelve car-trunkers out of 438 homicides is scarcely an epidemic, but for 1986 it certainly puts us at the head of the pack, per capita. (Admittedly, national statistics are somewhat elusive in this area. Believe it or not, most large metropolitan areas don"t keep a separate category for car-trunk murders.) a.s.suming that the illicit drug business will be with us for a long time, and a.s.suming that a natural by-product of the business is murder, we can only conclude that the problem of corpse disposal will also persist.
On behalf of all hard-working homicide cops and coroners, I"d like to make a public plea for a moratorium on car-trunk murders.
1. It"s a lazy and unimaginative method of getting rid of dead drug dealers. Granted, a few old Mafia traditionalists still use car trunks, but only because New York has so little open s.p.a.ce for regular dumping.
2. The car-trunk method is rude and very annoying to everyone else in the neighborhood. It is the homicidal equivalent of not picking up after one"s self.
3. It ruins a perfectly good car. A dead body in the trunk destroys the resale value of any automobile, with the possible exception of a Ford Pinto.
At the risk of sounding heartless, I really don"t give a hoot how many dope dealers are killed by other dope dealers, as long as the deed occurs in private and poses no threat to the innocent.
Dade County had its famous spate of public machine-gunnings a few years back, but lately the bad guys have been more considerate about where they settle their disputes. A common preference is the remote dirt-road executions that my police friends so sensitively refer to as "Krome Avenue Specials."
For one unseemly stretch we also had a run on drug-related dismemberments in Biscayne Bay. Fortunately for the beach tourist industry, this trend abated quietly.
Experts are at a loss to explain the resurgence of the car-trunk method, but part of the blame belongs in Detroit. Back in the mid-"/os, when the gas crunch and j.a.panese imports forced U.S. automakers to go compact, you almost never read about dead bodies found in trunks. The trunks were just too darn small.
However, in the oil-glutted "8os, Ford, GM and Chrysler all increased production of mid- and full-sized cars-cars with roomy trunks. Drug a.s.sa.s.sins responded enthusiastically.
Says Dr. Davis: "It sure shows they have a lot of cars to spare."
Another good reason to ride the Metrorail.
Local leaders need to foster pride, not panic July 20, 1987 Someone please administer heavy sedatives to certain downtown types so they will quit convulsing about the New York Times.
As everybody knows, the Times magazine published a cover story yesterday that asked the musical question: "Can Miami Save Itself?" The article was subt.i.tled "A City Beset by Drugs and Violence."
Actually the headlines had little to do with the text of the article, but it was enough to provoke the usual gnashing of teeth among the Guardians of Our Sacred Tropical Image.