[Ill.u.s.tration: MA-HAS-KAH, THE YOUNGER]
APPENDICES
APPENDIX A
THE IOWA CAMPING CIRCLE
The camping circle among the Iowa was usually divided into two half circles, each occupied by two phratries of four gentes each. These regulated the hunt and numerous other tribal affairs during the four seasons, the first phratry taking the lead during Autumn and Winter; the second during Spring and Summer.
The list which follows was prepared in part by Rev. William Hamilton about 1880 and before his death communicated to the late J. O. Dorsey, who added a considerable number of gentes and subgentes, some further a.s.sistance being obtained through the aid of a delegation of Iowa while on a visit to Washington.
FIRST PHRATRY
===================================================================== GENTESSUBGENTES --------------------------------------------------------------------- 1. Tu"-nan-p"in, Black Bear.1. Ta"-po-cka, a large black Tohin and ci?re wonanebear, with a white spot on were chiefs of this gensthe chest.
in 1880. Tohin kept the2. Pun"-xa cka, a black bear sacred pipe.with a red nose; literally,Nose White.
3. Mun-tci"-nye, Young blackbear, a short black bear.
4. Ki"-re-koo"-qo-toe, a smallreddish black bear, motherless;it has little hairand runs swiftly.
2. Mi-tei"-ra-tce, Wolf1. Cun"-tan cka, White-wolf.
Ma"-hin was a chief of2. Cun"-tan ce-we, Black-wolf.
this gens.3. Cun"-tan qo"-??e, Gray-Wolf.
4. Ma-nyi"-ka-qci", Coyote.
3. Tce"-xi-ta, Eagle and1. Na"tci-tce", i. e., Qra"-qtci, Thunder-being gens.Real or Golden eagle.
2. Qra"hun"-e, Ancestral orGrey eagle.
3. Qra"?re"-ye, Spotted-eagle.
4. Qra pa can. Bald-eagle.
4. Qo"-ta-tci, Elk; now extinct.1. Un"-pe-xa qan"-ye, Big-elk.
The Elk gens furnished2. Un"-pe-xa yin"-c, Young-elk the soldiers or policemen.(?).
3. Un"-pe-xa ?"re"-t?"e yin"-e,Elk-some-what-long.
4. Ho"-ma yin"-e, Young elk(?). The difference betweenUnpexa and Homais unknown. The formermay be the archaic namefor "elk."
5. Pa"-qca, Beaver. Probably1. Ra-we" qan" ye, Big-beaver.
the archaic name, as beaver2. Ra-?"ro"-??"e, meaning unknown.
is now ra-we. The survivors3. Ra-we" yin"-e, Young-beaver.
of this gens have4. Ni"wan-ci"-ke, Water person.
joined the Pa-ca or Beavergens of the Oto tribe.---------------------------------------------------------------------- SECOND PHRATRY ---------------------------------------------------------------------- 6. Ru"-tce, Pigeon1. Min-ke" qan"-ye, Big-rac.o.o.n.
2. Min-ke" yin"-e, Young-rac.o.o.n.
3. Ru"-tce yin"-e, Young-pigeon.
4. Co"-ke, Prairie-chicken, grouse.
7. A"-ru-qwa, Buffalo1. Tce-t o" qan"-ye, Big-buffalo-bull.
2. Tce-?o" yin"-e, Young-buffalo-bull.
3. Tce p"o"-cke yin"-e,Young-buffalo-bull-that-is-distended(?)4. Tce yin"-e, Buffalo-calf.
8. Wa-kan", Snake. An extinct1. Wa-kan" [?", Yellow-snake, i.
gens.e., rattlesnake.
2. Wa-kan"-qtci, Real-snake(named after a speciesshorter than the rattle-snake).
3. Ce"-ke yin"-e, Small oryoung ceke, the copperheadsnake (?).
4. Wa-kan" qo"-??"e, Gray-snake(a long snake, which theOmaha call swift bluesnake).
9. Man"-ko-ke, Owl. Extinct.The names of the subgenteshave been forgotten.
APPENDIX B
TREATIES BETWEEN THE IOWA AND THE UNITED STATES, 1815-1861
(For further reference to treaties with complete amendments thereto see LAWS AND TREATIES, by Charles J. Kappler, 2 vols. Washington, 1903. The early texts of some of the first peace negotiations previous to the publication date, can be found in the volumes of THE AMERICAN STATE PAPERS, edited by Walter Lowrie and Matthew St. C. Clarke, _Indian Affairs_, 2 vols. Washington, 1832. See also Royce, CESSIONS OF LAND BY INDIAN TRIBES TO THE UNITED STATES, in Rep. B. A. E., vol. 1, 1881, and the same author"s INDIAN LAND CESSIONS IN THE UNITED STATES, Rep. B. A.
E., 1889).
TREATY WITH THE IOWAS, [SEPTEMBER 16,] 1815
_A treaty of peace and friendship, made and concluded at Portage des Sioux, between William Clark, Ninian Edwards, and Auguste Chouteau, Commissioners Plenipotentiary of the United States of America, on the part and behalf of the said States, of the one part; and the undersigned, King, Chiefs, and Warriors, of the Iaway Tribe or Nation, on the part and behalf of the said Tribe or Nation, of the other part._
The parties being desirous of re-establishing peace and friendship between the United States and the said tribe or nation, and of being placed in all things, and in every respect, on the same footing upon which they stood before the war, have agreed to the following articles:
ARTICLE 1
Every injury, or act of hostility, by one or either of the contracting parties against the other shall be mutually forgiven and forgot.
ARTICLE 2
There shall be perpetual peace and friendship between all the citizens of the United States and all the individuals composing the said Ioway tribe or nation.
ARTICLE 3
The contracting parties do hereby agree, promise, and oblige themselves, reciprocally to deliver up all the prisoners now in their hands, (by what means soever the same may have come into their possession,) to the officer commanding at St. Louis, to be by him restored to their respective nations, as soon as it may be practicable.
ARTICLE 4
The contracting parties, in the sincerity of mutual friendship, recognize, re-establish, and confirm, all and every treaty, contract, and agreement, heretofore concluded between the United States and the said Ioway tribe or nation.
TREATY WITH THE IOWAYS [AUG. 4,] 1824