110 LDC, Morris to Marine Committee, December 19, 1777.

111 Ibid.

112 Ibid.

113 PA Archives, Series, II, 154.

114 HSP, Christopher Marshall Diaries, December 28, 1777.

115 Watson, Annals, vol. II, 283-285.

116 JCC, December 30, 1777.

CHAPTER SEVEN: VINDICATION.

1 Fleming, Liberty, 279.

2 Lancaster, The American Revolution, 186.

3 Fleming, Liberty, 280.

4 Ilich, Colonial Pennsylvania, 318.

5 Watson, Annals, vol. II, 283-284.

6 Ibid., 289.

7 Brands, The First American, 542.

8 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 137.

9 Parker, "A Biographical Sketch of John Brown," 3.

10 ISM, Barry-Hayes Papers, Barry to Congress, January 10, 1778.

11 Ibid.

12 JCC, January 10, 1778.

13 Ibid.; LDC, Misc. papers; Marine Committee letter book, January 13, 1778.

14 LDC, Misc. papers, Marine Committee to John Barry, January 29, 1778.

15 Jackson, The Pennsylvania Navy 1775-1781, 285.

16 Ibid.; NDAR, Vol. 11, 172-174, Lieutenant Colonel Francois-Louis de Fleury to John Laurens, January 20, 1778.

17 NDAR, vol. 11, 172-174, Lieutenant Fleury to Laurens, January 20, 1778.

18 Watson, Annals, vol. II, 336. This same writer acknowledged that "We are indebted to the facetious muse of Francis Hopkinson, Esq., for the . . . jeu D"esprit upon the occurrence." True enough: Hopkinson"s subsequent poem, "The Battle of the Kegs," was a witty spin on another failed attempt at striking the enemy.

19 NDAR, vol. 11, 188, Continental Navy Board of the Middle Department to Washington, January 22, 1778.

20 JCC, January 29, 1778.

21 Ibid.

22 Ibid.

23 LDC, Marine Committee to John Barry, January 29, 1778.

24 LDC, Marine Committee to Middle Navy Board, January 29, 1778.

25 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 141.

26 HSP, Dreer Collection, Robert Morris to John Brown, January 31, 1778.

27 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 142.

28 LDC, vol. 8, January 29, 1778, Marine Committee to John Barry.

29 JCC Marine Papers, Marine Committee Letter Book, January 22, 1778.

30 LOC, GWP, Washington to Hopkinson, January 27, 1778.

31 Letters of Delegates to Congress, Vol. 8, January 29, 1778; NDAR, vol. 11, 605, Marine Committee to Barry, March 11, 1778; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 142.

32 Matthewman, "Narrative of Luke Matthewman," 178; NDAR, vol. 11, 605-606, Continental Marine Committee to Captain John Barry, March 11, 1778.

33 Matthewman, "Narrative of Luke Matthewman," 178.

34 PA Archives, Series I, 246-247; NDAR, vol. 11, 200-201, William Bradford to President Thomas Wharton, Jr., January 24, 1778; Jackson, Pennsylvania Navy 1775-1781, 285.

35 PA Archives, vol. 6, 243.

36 Abbott, "Blue Jackets of "76," quoted in Griffin, The History of Commodore John Barry, 71-72.

37 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 144.

38 ISM, Barry Memorial to Congress, 1785; quoted in Clark, Gallant John Barry, 144.

39 Matthewman, "Narrative of Luke Matthewman," 178.

40 NDAR, vol. 11, 321, Hamond to Commander James Watt, R.N., February 11, 1778.

41 Randall, George Washington, 351.

42 LOC, GWP, Wayne to Washington, February 25, 1778.

43 Ibid.

44 Matthewman, "Narrative of Luke Matthewman," 178.

45 LOC, GWP. Wayne to Washington, February 23, 1778.

46 Ibid.

47 LOC, GWP, Wayne to Barry, February 23, 1778.

48 Ibid.

49 Ibid.

50 NDAR, vol. 11, 420-21, Journal of HMS Roebuck, February 24, 1778.

51 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, February 26, 1778.

52 NDAR, vol. 11, 421.

53 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, February 26, 1778.

54 NDAR, vol. 11, 421.

55 NDAR, vol. 11, 421; LOC, GWP, Brigadier General Anthony Wayne to Washington, February 25, 1778.

56 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, February 26, 1778.

57 Ibid.; NDAR, vol. 11, 440, Master"s Journal of HM Galley Cornwallis, Lieutenant Thomas Spry, February 26, 1778.

58 NDAR, vol. 11, 440, Master"s Journal of HM Galley Cornwallis, Lieutenant Thomas Spry, February 26, 1778.

59 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, February 26, 1778; Clark, Gallant John Barry, 147.

60 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, February 26, 1778.

61 Ibid.

62 DHS, Deposition of Robert Porter and George Reynolds, February 25, 1778.

63 Montresor, "Journal," 196-197.

64 NDAR, Vol. 11, 864, "Extract of a Letter from Captain James Ferguson to the Viscount Howe, Dated, Brune at Sea the 27th of March 1778."

65 Montresor, "Journal," 196-197; LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, March 8, 1778.

66 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 148.

67 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, March 9, 1778.

68 Ibid.

69 Ibid.

70 Pennsylvania Gazette, March 18, 1778.

71 LDC, Barry to Marine Committee, March 8, 1778.

72 Pennsylvania Gazette, March 18, 1778.

73 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 149.

74 LOC, GWP, Articles of Surrender of the British Army Schooner Alert, March 7, 1778.

75 Ibid., Barry to Washington, March 9, 1778.

76 Ibid.

77 LOC, GWP, Articles of Surrender of the British Army Schooner Alert, March 7, 1778.

78 LOC, GWP, Captain John Barry to General George Washington, March 9, 1778.

79 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, March 9, 1778; Smallwood to Washington, March 9, 1778.

80 Ibid.

81 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, March 9, 1778; "Letters of Major Baurmeister During the Philadelphia Campaign, 1777-1778," 161-62.

82 Clark, Gallant John Barry, 151.

83 LOC, LDC, Marine Committee to John Barry, March 11, 1778.

84 NDAR, vol. 11, 97, Journal of HMS Experiment, Captain Sir James Wallace, January 11, 1778, 120-21.

85 NDAR, vol. 11, 803-804, "Extract of a Letter from Captain James Ferguson to the Viscount Howe, dated Brune At Sea the 27th March 1778."

86 NDAR, vol. 11, 559-560, Journal of HMS Experiment, Captain Sir James Wallace, March 9, 1778; Montresor, "Journal," 196-197.

87 "Journal of Captain John Montresor," 197; HSP, Christopher Marshall Diaries, March 9, 1778.

88 LOC, GWP, Barry to Washington, March 9, 1778.

89 NDAR, vol. 11, 559-560, Journal of HMS Experiment, Captain Sir James Wallace, March 9, 1778; Journal of HMS Sloop Dispatch, Captain Christopher Mason, March 9, 1778.